Improvement in tinnees  rules



s Y @miliciens sttrutjffirr.

vTHOMAS BIGELO'W, or ELKHART; INDIANA, Lmm rufen: No, 66,120, .zaad James, 1867,

`LlgtSrlgznxIe rzfrtteh tr in tbestettets utuit :mh uniting mrt nf tige same.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERNA: A v p u Bc it known that'I, ',l'noMAS BrGEnoW, of Elkhart, in the county of Elkhart, and State of Indiana, have invented'certain new and usefulllmp'rovements in .'linners' Rules; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description thereof, reference being had to. the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which-,- f

i Figure 1 is a view of the side of the rule formaking pipes.

Figure` 2 shows the side for Vmaking measures.

Figure 3 is a view of the edge of the rule.

Likeletters of reference refer to'like parts in theV different views presented.

This rule is made in threefsections A. B C, each being one foot in length. These are connected-to each other by a joint, D, fig. 3. Figs. I and 2 represent sections of the .rule/detached. E, tig. 1, isl u scale of inches and fractions of an inch, the same as that on `the common rule, and which may, in this ease, he called a scale of circumference. F isalso a scale of inches and fractions of an inch, and may be called a scale of diameter; and b, the joint scale. l

This side of therul'e is for the purpose of layingout the work for ystove pipes, conductors, oli-pipe for any` otherpurpose, and the application of which isfas follows, commencingat the upper seetiouot the rule: It is requied,tp make'a pipe one inch in diameter. Place u. square on the liuc at the left-hand side ofthe figure 1 inthe scale of diameters F. Nonwhichever figures und fraction the square may indicate in the scale `oi' 'circumference E, the 'some' will be the circumference of the pipe; In this instance we find it to lhe 3g inches. i

In all tin pipes of less diameter than four inches' of an inch is allowed for lapping in making. This, being added to the 3g, gives 3g as -the width to cut thcwork for one-pinch pipe. The circumference of a two-inch pipe is inches. lAdding to this for lapping, as in the former case, we have 6g as the width to out the work for a tivoinch pipe. For sheet-iron pipe of4 inches in diameter andupwurd one inchjs allowed for the locking. l As before, the circumfereneeof a four-inch pipe is found in the' second line of figures E, which is shown to be 125 inches. Adding to this one inch for lap or locking of the joint gives 1131N inches as the width to eut thesheet.

For a five-inch pipe the circumference is 15% inches. Adding one inch, as before, gives 16% as the width, and so 'on through the rule. It will he seen lthatths rule applies to Ipipes.offractional diameter, as 7%, 75, 33, 3%, &c.

'In order that the several sectionsA ofi'pipe mayt together properly one end of'the pipe is vmade smaller than the.other. For ordinary stovejpipe i inch less in circumference is allowed for the small end. This dillereuce in circumference will apply all the way through the rule. Talxie 11 inches in diameter, the circumference .will be 342`nches. Addfoue inchfbrilock and we have 35g inches for the large end of the pipe.` Allowing i,

less for the small endigives 355L for the circumference, so that it -will slip in the largeend.

The scaieH, tig. 2, is the opposite side of the rule, end is for liquid measure, the application of )vhich is as follows :lt-is 'required to make a one-gallon measure, tapering from the bottom upwards. .I, the first column of.iigures, gives' the sizeof the measure; gives the diameter of the top; that of the bottom, and L the heighnf By this it will be seen that the sheet of tin of which the measure is to be made is Si inches in length.

In order ,'to ind the circumference, apply the rle for nia-king pipe,'and we have 15* inches furthe top, and.

201,"1jfo'r-,the Bottom, as thewidth to out the iverli, allowingg for locking, and so on through the coule.

Y The sertie,l Mis for dry measure,counting by bushels.- The left-hand column of figures N, gives the size ot' the measure.; 40, thediametcr of the top; P, the diameter ,ofthe bottom, andQtho height; t', ci, the work isto rbe cut'Sri, inches in'length, thc bottom 315, andthe top 25g, allowing; as before, i for the locking.

.The scalc' is for. making cans having a. pitched top or'a'eone top. Thelei't-hand column gives the size, Dtho diameter, the top n. n'cllr'ott'ombeing the same.. -H gives the height, and C thediameter of the cone; z'. e., eloneggallonme'asurc must be Glincliesin'diameter, and@ 'inches high. `By 'applying the rule as'hei'ore we ind thatthecircumference'is 18,3f inches, or the width to cut thevorkf'. C, iu this scale,- is compass work, or the s'ze to set thejcompasses to strike the circle to' cut thai-one top. Aftver'the piecgisent out the right size for the cone to tit the bodyof the can it makes the whole can of thefright giuste li'cld the amount indicated in the left-hand column. For' tho abovc-sized can 'set the compasscs 6.. inches, strikes circle, sud-then cutout a. gore,

the rule, and 213 inches s the circumference, or thev width of the work, to malte o 66,120 Il so es to leuve it the same size 4es the body ofthe can. When formed it makes a cone about as high as the width, und so for each size given onrthc seele. Y l f The scale S, for flat-top'cuns, gives the size in the left-hand column of figures, as in the forint-:r` case. A The circumference of the diameter is obtained in thesume way as before, by applyingthe sarne'rule as tha.t f'or the pipe. In this scale we find that the diameter and height of the can are thesame.` To obtain this diameter apply scale specifics. Thesame process is pursued in the scale T, f'or 4dry measure or'measuring grain. I What I claim. as myjnyention, afnd desire tosecure by Letters Putentisi The arrangement and construction of a. rule comprising 'a system of scales,

forth for the purpose specified.

V THos. BIGELOW. Witnesses:

W. H. Bussines, E. E. WAITE.

a one-gallon mensurgusthev in the manner as her/ein set 

